Prepare the corn by shucking and cutting kernels if using fresh corn, or measure out frozen or canned corn.
Sauté the diced onion in olive oil until translucent, then add minced garlic and cook until fragrant.
Combine corn, vegetable broth, chili powder, cumin, smoked paprika, salt, and black pepper in the slow cooker.
Cover and cook on low for 6-8 hours or on high for 3-4 hours.
Blend the soup until smooth using an immersion blender or regular blender.
Stir in heavy cream, cotija cheese, cilantro, and lime juice. Adjust seasoning if needed and serve hot.