Peel and dice the butternut squash, then set aside.
In a large oven-safe skillet, heat olive oil over medium heat. Add diced butternut squash and sauté for about 5 minutes until it starts to soften.
Add the Italian sausage, breaking it apart with a spoon. Cook for about 5-7 minutes until browned and fully cooked.
Stir in the penne pasta, vegetable broth, and heavy cream. Add garlic powder, onion powder, Italian seasoning, salt, and pepper. Mix well and bring to a gentle simmer.
Reduce heat to low, cover the skillet, and let it cook for about 10 minutes, stirring occasionally.
Remove the lid and sprinkle shredded mozzarella cheese evenly over the top.
Preheat oven to 400°F. Transfer the skillet to the oven and bake for 10-15 minutes until cheese is bubbly and golden brown.
Let it cool for a few minutes before serving.